This little piggy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"This Little Piggy"
Roud #19297 |
| Written by |
Traditional |
| Published |
1760 |
| Written |
England |
| Language |
English |
| Form |
Nursery rhyme |
"This Little Piggy" or
"This little pig" is an
English language nursery rhyme and
fingerplay. It has a
Roud Folk Song Index number of 19297.
Lyrics
Children playing
This Little Pig.
[1]
The most common modern version is:
- This little piggy went to market.
- This little piggy stayed home.
- This little piggy had roast beef,
- This little piggy had none.
- And this little piggy went wee wee wee all the way home.[2]
Finger play
"... This little piggy had roast beef..."
The rhyme is usually counted out on a person's
toes, each line corresponding to a different
toe, usually starting with the
big toe and ending with the
little toe.
A foot tickle is usually added during the "Wee...all the way home"
section of the last line. It varies by the intensity of the tickle, and
which parts of the foot are tickled. These often depend on by whom the
game is played. The rhyme can also be seen as a
counting rhyme,
although the number of each toe (from 1 for the big toe to 5 for the
little toe) is never stated. The game is usually played on a baby or
young child.
Origins
The first line of this rhyme was quoted in a medley "The Nurse's
Song," written about 1728, a full version was not recorded until it was
published in
The Famous Tommy Thumb's Little Story-Book, published in London about 1760.
[3]
It then appeared with slight variations in many late eighteenth and
early nineteenth century collections. Until the mid-twentieth century
the lines referred to "little pigs."
[3]
References
- ^ Wentworth. Work and Play with Numbers. p. 14.
- ^ Herman, D. (2007). The Cambridge Companion to Narrative. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 9.
- ^ a b Opie, I.; Opie, P. (1951). The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (1997 ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 349–50.
Bibliography
Wentworth, George; Smith, David Eugene (1912). Work and Play with Numbers. Boston: Ginn & Company.
英國豬走向中國餐桌This little piggy went to China's ravenous market英國《金融時報》 路易絲•盧卡斯報導
Britain's
ailing pig industry will be able to start exporting offal, trotters and
other culinary delights to China, the world's biggest pig meat market,
under a breakthrough trade deal to be sealed as early as next week.
根據最早將於下週簽署的一項突破性貿易協議，英國境況不佳的養豬產業將開始向全球最大的豬肉市場——中國——出口豬內臟、豬蹄和其他中國人喜歡的食材。
Jim
Paice, the agriculture minister, is heading to Beijing this weekend to
put the finishing touches to an agreement that has been five years in
the making.
本週末，英國農業大臣吉姆•佩斯(Jim Paice)將赴北京，為一項磋商了5年的協議敲定最後一筆。
“I'm
almost certain that during my visit we will be able to tie up the final
loose ends and British pork can be on its way to China,” Mr Paice said.
“We estimate we can easily sell £50m of pig meat almost at the drop of a hat.”
佩斯表示：“我幾乎可以肯定，在訪問期間，我們能夠解決最後的未決問題，英國豬肉將進入中國。我們估計，英國很容易就可以在短期內向中國賣出5000萬英鎊的豬肉。 ”
British
pig farmers, abattoirs and processors are struggling in the face of
high input costs and of pricing constrained by aggressive retailers
trying to win over cash-strapped consumers. The industry, which
generates a net contribution of £300m to the economy, has halved in the past decade.
英國養豬場、屠宰場和加工廠正在艱難應對投入成本高、售價低的問題。咄咄逼人的零售商為了贏得囊中羞澀的消費者，壓低了豬肉價格。該行業對英國經濟的純貢獻達3億英鎊，但規模在過去10年間已經減少一半。
Sales
of the “fifth quarter” – tails, ears and other parts spurned by British
diners – would build on a healthy trade in chicken feet and hearts
already sold to China.
英國已經向中國大量出口雞爪和雞心，現在，“第五部位”——英國人餐桌上所摒棄的豬尾巴、豬耳朵和豬的其他部位——的出口將為此錦上添花。
Sell
ing the bits that would otherwise be binned, at a cost, should
theoretically fatten the incomes of abattoirs and farmers, said Chris
Jackson, export director at the British Pig Association. It should not
result in pricier bacon at home.
英國養豬協會(British Pig Association)出口主管克里斯•傑克遜(Chris Jackson)表示，這些部位原本只能以較高的成本丟棄，現在銷往中國，理論上可以增加屠宰場和農民的收入，而且應該不會導致英國國內培根價格上漲。
Chinese
farmers sell their pigs for twice as much as their British peers,
partly because of the country's insatiable appetite for all things pork
and “because they are not being screwed by the supermarkets – yet”, said
Mr Jackson.
中國農民賣豬的價格比英國同行高一倍，這在一定程度上是因為中國對各種豬肉的胃口難以饜足，還“因為中國農民還沒有被超市左右——至少目前沒有”，傑克遜指出。
According
to the OECD, China produces and consumes half the global output of pig
meat. Chinese demand is growing as more wealth translates into more meat
on dinner tables. “There is no doubt at all – and the Chinese are quite
open about this – that they cannot produce their own pig meat supplies for the foreseeable future,” said Mr Paice.
經合組織(OECD)指出，中國生產和消費全球豬肉產量的一半。隨著中國增長的財富轉化成餐桌上更多的肉製品，中國人對肉類的需求還在繼續增長。佩斯表示：“毫無疑問，在可預見的未來，中國生產的豬肉無法滿足當地需求，中國人對此並不諱言。”
British
pigs have greater fertility, with the average sow producing twice as
many piglets a year – up to 32 – as her Chinese cousin. That explains
the next export agenda: pig semen.
英國豬的繁殖力更強，平均每隻母豬的年產仔量是中國母豬一倍，達到32只。這就滋生了下一個出口計劃——豬精液。
The
UK already sells live breeding pigs to China but has struggled to jump
through veterinary hoops on semen. Mr Jackson said he will invite
Chinese vets next week to make inspections in late July.
英國已經向中國出售活種豬，但豬精液還沒有通過中國獸醫的檢驗。傑克遜表示，下週他將邀請中國獸醫在7月底對英國豬的精液作檢查。
He
believes genetics is “what China really wants”. Despite the small
size of the British industry Mr Jackson says it is a world leader. “Even
America comes to us to buy genetics, mainly pigs but also sheep and
cattle.” Genetics improves pig economics,
he says. British pigs can be fattened up for the kill in just three
months but Chinese pigs take a year – or about 260 additional days of
6kg of cereal-based feed for half-a-billion animals. “Take that away and
you can see how the genetics industry can do such a wonderful job for planet Earth,” said Mr Jackson.
他認為，基因才是“中國真正想要的”。傑克遜表示，儘管英國養豬產業規模小，卻是全球的佼佼者。 “連美國人都跑過來向我們購買基因，主要是豬的基因，不過也有牛羊。”他表示，基因可以改善養豬經濟。英國豬隻要3個月就能養夠膘，屠宰，但中國豬要用1年——即中國的5億頭豬，每頭要用6千克穀物飼料多餵養260天左右。傑克遜表示：“減去這些額外投入，你會發現基因工業可以給行星地球帶來如此美妙的變化。”
While
farmers applaud Westminster's efforts, even Mr Paice conceded the
country has lost a head start. “The fact is we export more food to
Belgium than we do to all the Bric countries [Brazil, Russia, India and
China] together,” he said . “That's a pretty damning indictment of our efforts.”
儘管豬農歡迎英國政府的努力，但佩斯也承認，英國已經輸在了起跑線上。他說：“我們出口到比利時的食品都比出口到金磚四國（巴西、俄羅斯、印度和中國）的總量還多。這真是我們工作不足的明證。”
譯者/倪衛國
